SHARKS
A shark is a type of fish that lives in the sea. It … one of the largest sea creatures. There … over 350 species. A shark is shaped like a torpedo. It … rough skin like sandpaper. Instead of bones it … elastic cartilage which helps them to move easily. It can … up to 8 metres.
Sharks … found in all oceans around the world. The type of shark found will … on the water’s temperature. A shark … to keep moving when it is asleep because it will either sink or suffocate. It has to keep moving because it needs to … through its gills to keep alive.
When sharks are hungry, they look for food. Different sharks eat different
food. Harmless sharks eat plankton but harmful sharks eat meat.
Sharks … up to forty two babies (which are called pups) at a time. When the pups … born, they … straight away because the mother shark does not have teats. Some sharks … their pups in different ways, some lay eggs while others … them alive. When they are born they need to defend themselves because they have no one to help them.
Read the text entitled ‘Sharks’ again more carefully. Then, answer the following questions in your words.
1. What is a shark?
2. What shape does a shark have?
3. Why does a shark have to keep moving while it is asleep?
4. How does a shark breathe?
5. What are pups?
Read the text about an iceberg below and answer the questions in your own words. Use a dictionary if necessary.
WHAT IS AN ICEBERG?
An iceberg is a great piece of ice floating in the sea. ‘Berg’ is the German word for ‘mountain.’ In the coldest parts of the earth, around the North and South
Poles, land and sea are both covered by layers of ice, more than 300 metres deep at the centre.
Tongues of ice, called glaciers, stretch out into the open sea. The sea water melts the bottom parts of these glaciers, then the top part moves into the water with a great noise. The great piece of ice sinks for a short time under the surface, then it rises again, and floats away as a new iceberg. Some icebergs are many miles long, and travel for thousands of miles and several years before they finally melt. The part of an iceberg which can be seen above the water is only about one-ninth of the total size. The rest is hidden under the waves.
One of the world’s worst disasters at sea was in 1912 when the liner ‘Titanic’ hit an iceberg and sank on her first journey, killing hundreds of passengers.
Questions
1. What is an iceberg?
2. What is ‘berg’?
3. What is ‘glaciers’?
4. Where is most part of an iceberg?
5. How does the writer describe the North and South Poles?
6. What is ‘liner’?
7. What happened to the Titanic?
8. Why did the author write about iceberg?
9. How is an iceberg formed?
10. Describe how an iceberg looks in your own words.
Do the activity in groups of four. Report your work to the class.
Which of the following sentences are general descriptions of a snake? Write them down in your note-book.
1. Snakes are cold-blooded reptiles.
2. Snakes have a scaly skin and no legs.
3. A snake slithered into my room.
4. Snakes can wriggle and slide out of their old skin and grow a bright new one.
5. A female snake is laying eggs in the basket.
6. Female snakes lay eggs.
7. When the baby snakes hatch out of the eggs they are small, sticky and have a bright scaly skin.
8. I think the baby snakes are very small but strong.
9. Baby snakes look just like a tiny version of the mother.
10. The mother is not doing anything to help the babies come out of the eggs.
11. Baby snakes have to look after themselves and find their own food.
12. The snake ate a big frog and a rat.
13. Some snakes kill animals such as frogs, fish, rabbits, rats and mice.
14. First she killed them, and then swallowed them slowly.
15. They can kill these animals in two steps, i.e. by squeezing them to death and injecting them with poison.
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15. They can kill these animals in two steps, i.e. by squeezing them to death and injecting them with poison.
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