Bahasa Inggris SMA Report

Bahasa Inggris SMA Report

A report usually talks about something concrete or which can be observed such as animals, plants, planets, and natural disasters.

Report

The social purpose of information reports is presenting information about something. They generally describe an entire class of things, whether natural or made: mammals, the planets, rocks, plants, computers, countries of origin, transportation, and so on.

Schematic structure :

General classification (general information)

Description

(how they look, where they live, what they eat, how they move, reproduce)

The common grammatical patterns of an information report include:

•      use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns, eg our dog;

•      use of relating verbs to describe features, eg Molecules are tiny particles;

•      some use of action verbs when describing behavior, eg Emus cannot fly;

•      use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, eg Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea;

•      use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;

•      use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organize bundles of information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of the clause.

Text

Mangrove

A mangrove is a tropical marine tree. Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots which enable them to thrive in brackish water. Brackish water is salty but not as salty as sea water. Mangrove trees are commonly planted and found in coastal areas. Mangroves can serve as walls of protection for natural disaster in coastal area like tsunami. According to BBC News, healthy mangrove forests had helped save lives in the Asia disaster tsunami and people tended to respect these natural barriers even more, especially after the tsunami.

There are several species of mangrove tree found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity, while others like to be very-close to a large fresh water source such as river. Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high tide. Other species grow on dry land but are still part of the ecosystem. The Times of Indiareported that rare species of mangrove had been found and was also known as the looking-glass tree, probably because the leaves are silver-coated.

Mangroves need to keep their trunk and leave above the surface of the water. Yet they also need to be firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves.

Any part of root that appears above the water flows oxygen to the plant under water surface. as the soil begin to build up, these roots procedure additional roots that become embedded in the soil.

Questions!

1.     what is the text above!

2.     what is the main idea in 1 paragraph!

3.     where did we get mangrove tree?

4.     how was the condition to plant the mangrove tree?

5.     write the Indonesian word :

        a. coastal area

        b. sheltered

        c. probably

        d. appear

        e. embedded

An Elephant

An elephant is the largest and strongest of all animals. It is a strange looking animal which it has thick legs, huge sides and backs, large hanging ears, a small tail, little eyes, long white tusks and above all, elephant has a long nose, the trunk. An elephant is commonly seen in a zoo, it has hard found in it natural habitat.

The trunk is the elephant's peculiar feature. This trunk has various usages. The elephant draws up water by its trunk and can squirt the water all over its body like a shower bath. The elephant's trunk also lifts leaves and put them into its mouth. In fact, the trunk serves the elephant as long arm and hand. An elephant looks very clumsy and heavy and yet an elephant can move very quickly.

The elephant is very intelligent animal. Its intelligence combined with its great strength makes an elephant a very useful servant to man. Elephant can be trained to serve in various ways such as carry heavy loads, hunt for tigers and even fight. An elephant is really a smart animal.

           

Questions

1.     What is the text above?

2.     What is elephant have?

3.     Mention the great strength of elephant when helps the man

4.     What tenses use in the text above

5.     What is the purpose of the text above?

Human body energy

Human body is actually a living machine and is like all other machines. This living machine needs fuel to supply it with energy. The fuel is provided by the food which we eat. However do we know how much we need to stay healthy?

The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat which is required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degree C. The number of calories which people need per day varies. It depends on the activity which the people are involved in. For example; people will need more calories for standing than for sitting, people need more for running than for walking, etc.

The energy which is provided by food is in the form of three kinds of chemical substances. They are carbohydrate, protein and fat. Carbohydrate provides 8.8 calories per gram (cal/gm) of energy, protein 4.0 cal/gm and fat 8.0 cal/gm. Each food contains different proportion of these substances. These three chemical substances are all important for body staying healthy.

Questions

1.     What is the text above?

2.     What is the purpose of the text above?

3.     What is a calorie?

4.     How much calories which people need in a day?

5.     Mention the kinds of energy that provided by food?

Types of Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanic eruptions have caused some of the worst disasters in the world. They can wipe out entire cities and kill thousands of people. The name of volcano comes from Roman term. It derives from VULCAN which is the name of Roman fire god. Romans believed that Vulcan lived on a volcanic Italian coast. Romans called the island VULCANO.

According to scientists, volcanic eruptions are divided in to four basic groups. They are commonly known as Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian and Peleean. The term of Hawaiian eruptions are named after the volcanoes in Hawaii. These volcanic eruptions are the least violent type. They produce highly fluid lava which flows quietly. This gradually builds up a shield volcano.

Strombolian eruptions are named after Stromboli. These result from the constant release of gas from the magma. As the gas escapes, it produces tephra that piles up, turning into a cinder cone. Strombolian eruptions happen when sticky magma plugs the central vent. This makes the magma tic gas build up pressure until it blasts. The magma is turned into volcanic dust and bombs.

Vulcanian eruption which comes from the ancient Roman belief, are more violent than the strombolian eruption. Vulcanian eruption happens and brings magma which is more viscous. Vulcanian explosions are usually larger and noisier than the Strombolian eruptions.

Paleean eruptions are famous as the most violent kind of volcanic eruptions. The name of paleean comes from the eruption of Mount Pelee, Martinique in 1902. It killed almost 38 thousands people. A Peleean eruption occurs when the magmatic gas build up tremendous pressure. This causes violent explosions with glowing clouds of hot ash and dust.

Questions

1.     What is the text above?

2.     What is the purpose of the text above!

3.     What is the caused of volcanic eruptions!

4.     Mention the volcanic eruption according to scientist!

5.     When did the strombolian eruption happen?

Komodo dragon

Do you know what the largest lizard is? This lizard is called komodo. It lives in the scrub and woodland of a few Indonesian islands. Komodo dragon is the world's heaviest lizard, weighing 150 pounds or more. The largest Komodo ever measured was more than 10 feet (3 meters) long and weighed 366 pounds (166 kg) but the average size of komodo in the wild is about 8 feet (2.5 meters) long and 200 pounds (91 kg)

Komodo has gray scaly skin, a pointed snout, powerful limbs and a muscular tail. They use their keen sense of smell to locate decaying animal remains from several miles away. They also hunt other lizards as well as large mammals and are sometimes cannibalistic.

The Komodo dragon's teeth are almost completely covered by its gums. When it feeds, the gums bleed, creating an ideal culture for virulent bacteria. The bacteria that live in the Komodo dragon's saliva causes septicemia, or blood poisoning, in its victims. A dragon will bite its prey, then follow it until the animal is too weak to carry on.

1.     What is the text above?

2.     What is the purpose of the text above?

3.     What is the largest lizard?

4.     What is the main idea of third paragraph?

5.     Write the Indonesiaword:

        a. woodland

        b. measured

        c. scaly skin

        d. decaying

        e. victims

Heart

The heart is the most important part of the body. It is the center of life. However, the heart is only as big as a closed hand. The heart is a muscle and it beats about seventy times per minute through trout a person’s life.

The heart pumps blood from your heart to all parts of your body. The heart is made up of four chambers or small “rooms”. The top chamber are called the right and left auricles and the bottoms chambers are the right and left ventricles.

When blood enters the heart. It is in dark reddish color because it contains carbon dioxide. The blood enters the right auricle and then the right ventricle. When the heart contracts, it forces the blood to the lungs where the blood receives oxygen. It then goes to the left auricle. The heart contracts again, and the blood goes to the left ventricle and is then forced out into the body. The blood gathers carbon dioxide and returns to the heart, and the process begins again

Questions

1.     What is the text above?

2.     Why the heart is important part of the body?

3.     Why did the blood dark when enters the heart?

4.     What is the purpose of the text above?

5.     Write the Indonesian word:

        a. auricle

        b. ventricle

        c. chamber

        d. muscle

        e. lungs

Task

Thanksgiving Day

Thanksgiving or Thanksgiving Day is a celebration of harvest, thankfulness for peace, and the attempt of Native Americans. It is celebrated in late autumn. In the past, Thanksgiving was celebrated for their rich harvest in New England. In North America, however, it was originally held to thank God for their survival in the new land which was not easy for them. However, in Canada, it had been celebrated as in New England. Thanksgiving now is celebrated in United States of Americaand in Canada.

Thanksgiving festivals are held every fourth Thursday of November in the U.S and on the second Monday of October in Canada. It is usually celebrated in four to five days in the North America and for three days in Canada. It is celebrated through families and friends gathering to eat and give good luck. Turkeyis the main dish in the thanksgiving dinner.

Thanksgiving parades are also usually held. In Thanksgiving homes are decorated with wreaths, fresh and dried flowers. Lamps are lighted to brighten the environment. Tables are decorated with best china and antique silver dishes to mark the occasion

Questions

1. What is the Thanksgiving Day?

2. Where is it celebrated?

3. When is it celebrated in Canada?

4. How long does the celebration last in the USA?

5. How is it celebrated?

Task

Read the following report on Sydney. Then, complete the chart with the information from the report. Find the meanings of the following words based on the context. You may use your dictionary.

bay(kb)                  : ….

coast (kb)               : ….

colony(kb)             : ….

harbor (kb)            : ….

metropolitan (kb)             : ….

settlement(kb)       : ….

site(kb)                   : ….

skyscraper(kb)      : ….

state capital(kb)   : ….

Sydney the Metropolitan City

Sydney is the most populous city in Australia, with a metropolitan area population around 4.12 million. It is the state capital of New South Wales and is the site of the first European colony in Australia. The city is Australia’s largest financial centre. Sydney is located on Australia’s south-east coast. The city is built around Port Jackson, which includes Sydney Harbor, leading to the city’s nickname, “the Harbor City”.

This city is a major international tourist destination famous for its beaches and twin landmarks: the Sydney Opera House and the Harbor Bridge. The metropolitan area is surrounded by national parks, and contains many bays, rivers and inlets.

Sydney also has many shopping centre and retail outlets throughout the city. The Queen Victoria Buildingon George Streetalso contains many shops. Many of the large regional centers around the metropolitan area also contain large shopping complexes. Sydney has several museums. The biggest are the Australian Museum(natural history and anthropology), The Power house Museum (science, technology and design), the Art Gallery of New South Wales, the Museumof Contemporary Art and the Australian National Maritime Museum.

Sydney’s Central Business District (CBD) extends southwards for about 3 kilometers (1.25 mi) from Sydney Cove. It is the point of the first European settlement in the area at the southern end of the bridge known as “The Rocks”. It is densely concentrated with skyscrapers and other buildings including historic sandstone buildings such as the SydneyTown Hall and QueenVictoria Buildingare combined by several parks such as Wynyard and Hyde Park.

Task

Washington DC

Washington is home to numerous national landmarks and is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the United States. The National Mall is a large, open park area in the center of the city featuring many monuments to American leaders; it also serves to connect the White House and the United States Capitol buildings. Located prominently in the center of the Mall is the Washington Monument. Other notable points of interest near the Mall include the Jefferson Memorial, Lincoln Memorial, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, National World War II Memorial, Korean War Veterans. Other points of interest in the District include Arena Stage, Chinatown, Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception, the Ukrainian Catholic National Shrine of the Holy Family (across the street from the Basilica Shrine), and more. Washington, D.C. is the capital of the United States.

The city and the district are located on the banks of the Potomac River and bordered by the states of Virginia(to the west) and Maryland(to the north, east and south). The city was planned and developed in the late 18th century to serve as the permanent national capital. It is a center of American

history and culture, Washington is a popular destination for tourists, the site of numerous national landmarks and monuments, the world’s largest museum complex (the Smithsonian Institution), galleries, universities, cathedrals, performing arts centers and institutions, and native music scenes.

The Library of Congress and the National Archives house thousands of documents covering every period in American history. Some of the more notable documents in the National Archives include the Declaration of Independence, Constitution and Bill of Rights.

Questions

1. Where is Washington D.C. located?

2. When was it built?

3. What is the city well known for?

4. What is the National Mall?

5. Where is the White House located?

6. Where is the largest museum complex located?

Task

Retell the following report about camel in your own words. Use the pictures if necessary.

The camel is a large, strong desert animal. Camels can travel great distances across hot, dry deserts with little food or water. They walk easily on soft sand and carry people and heavy hump. The hump is a large lump of fat providing energy if food is hard to find. There are two chief kinds of camels: (1) the Arabian camel also loads to places that have no roads. Camels also serve the people of the desert in many other ways. The camel carries its own built-in food supply on its back in the form of a called dromedary, which has one hump, and (2) Bactrian camel, which has two humps.

Task

Read and understand the following text.

A kangaroo is an animal found only in Australia, although it has a smaller relative, called a wallaby, which lives on the Australian islandof Tasmania and also in New Guinea. Kangaroos eat grass and plants. They have short front legs, but very long, and very strong back legs and a tail. These are used for sitting up and for jumping. Kangaroos have been known to make forward jumps of over eight meters, and leap across fences more than three meters high. They can also run at speeds of over 45 kilometers per hour. The largest kangaroos are the Great Grey Kangaroo and the Red Kangaroo. Adult grow to a length of 1.60 meters and weigh over 90 kilos. Kangaroos are marsupials. This means that the female kangaroo has an external pouch on the front of her body. A baby kangaroo is very tiny when it is born, and it crawls at once into this pouch where it spends its first five months of life.

Answer the questions based on the text

1.         Are kangaroos and wallabies indigenous animals of Australia?

2.         What does the word "these" in paragraph 2 refer to?

3.         What do people call the largest kangaroos?

4.         Where do you find the pouch of the female kangaroo?

5.         What does the word "it" in sentence ... it crawls at once refer to?

6.         Can you find the sentence considered the definition of a kangaroo? State it.

7.         Which sentences tell you about the description of the kangaroo's appearance?

Task

Read the text and answer the questions.

What Is Thunder and Lightning?

Lightning is a sudden, violent flash of electricity between a cloud and the ground, or from cloud to cloud. A lightning fl ash, or bolt, can be several miles long. It is so hot, with an average temperature of 34,000° Centigrade that the air around it suddenly expands with a loud blast. This is the thunder we hear.

 Lightning occurs in hot, wet storms. Moist air is driven up to a great height. It forms a type of cloud called cumulonimbus. When the cloud rises high enough, the moisture freezes and ice crystals and snow flakes are formed. These begin to fall, turning to rain on the way down.

This rain meets more moist air rising, and it is the friction between them which produces static electricity. When a cloud is fully charged with this electricity, it discharges it as a lightning flash.

Answer the questions based on the text

1.     What is meant by lightning?

2.     When do lightning usually happen?

3.     What does the word "this" in the last sentence of paragraph 1 refers to?

4.             What does the word "it" in paragraph 2 refers to?

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